"Театр и симфония" - читать интересную книгу автора (Конен Валентина Джозефовна)


>3>2K5 <>B82K 8 20;LA>2K5 @8B<K, B@><1>=K 2 =87:8E @538AB@0E 8 48AA>=8@CNI85 0::>@4K  =5A:>;L:> MB8E 2K@078B5;L=KE HB@8E>2 2>AA>74020;8 2 <C7K:5 M<>F8>=0;L=CN 0B<>AD5@C M?>E8 =0?>;5>=>2A:8E 2>9=. 5 10B0;L=K5 :0@B8=K 8 =5 ?@O<K5 ?0B@8>B8G5A:85 ?@87K2K, ?@>72CG02H85 2 ?>M788 2>5==>3> 2@5<5=8, 8 4065 =5 B@048F8>==0O >?5@=0O 35@>8:0 AB0;8 3;02=K< =>A8B5;5< =0@>4=>-?0B@8>B8G5A:>9 8458 2 70?04=>52@>?59A:>9 <C7K:5 MB>3> ?5@8>40. 8@>>ICI5=85 ;N459, ?>4=O2H8EAO @048 A?0A5=8O =0F8>=0;L=>9 :C;LBC@K, 2>?;>B8;>AL 2 A:07>G=>9 A8<2>;8:5 2515@>2A:>3> л>;H51=>3> AB@5;:0╗.
>G5<C B5<0 л@0725=G0==>9 ;N128╗, ?@>E>4OI0O G5@57 2AN л$0=B0AB8G5A:CN A8<D>=8N╗ 5@;8>70, 2K7K20;0 C л10;L70:>2A:>3> ?>:>;5=8O╗ >AB@>5 8 2>;=CNI55 GC2AB2> A>2@5<5==>AB8? 5 ?>B><C ;8, GB> ?>A@54AB2>< G8AB> <C7K:0;L=>9 >1@07=>9 A8AB5<K >=0 2K@060;0 845N лCB@0G5==KE 8;;N789╗?  A0<>< 45;5, ?@>BO6=K5 л:;0@=5B=K5╗ 8=B>=0F88 л;59BB5<K╗, @57:> >B;8G=K5 >B B5<0B87<0 :;0AA8F8ABA:>9 A8<D>=88, >;8F5B2>@O;8 =5 AB>;L:> >1@07 ;N1>2=>3> B><;5=8O, A:>;L:> 845N =54>AO305<>3> 8450;0, 0 55 @57:> ?@5>1@065==K9 20@80=B 2 AF5=5 л(010H 254L<╗ (3=CA02K9 B5<1@ :;0@=5B0 in Es, 272873820NI55 3@C??5BB>, л2C;L30@=K9╗ л?;OHCI89╗ @8B<) :@8G0; > ?@>406=>AB8 8 4CE>2=>< @0AB;5=88. ;>25I0O :0@B8=0 л(5AB285 =0 :07=L╗ 2 ;0:>=8G=>9 <C7K:0;L=>9 D>@<5 70?5G0B;O;0 =0AB@>5=85, 2;0452H55 <=>38<8 C<0<8 @5AB02@0F8>==>3> 2@5<5=8: AB@0E ?5@54 =5=028AB=K< B5@@>@>< 8 GC2AB2> >1@5G5==>AB8 >48=>:8E 1>@F>2, A>?@>B82;O2H8EAO >@30=87>20==K< A8;0< @50:F88. 45O, =0H54H0O
<AB@. 10>
2>?;>I5=85 2> <=>38E ;8B5@0BC@=KE ?@>872545=8OE B5E ;5B (2A?><=8< л>A;54=89 45=L >AC645==>3>╗, л0@8N "N4>@╗ N3>, л@>I0=85 0@88 !BN0@B╗ 5@0=65, л@0A=>5 8 G5@=>5╗ !B5=40;O 8 4@C385), 2 <C7K:5 >1@5;0 ?;>BL 1;03>40@O =5A:>;L:8< ?@545;L=> =0AKI5==K< ?> A2>8< M<>F8>=0;L=K< 0AA>F80F8O< ?@85<0<: 65;57=><C, =5>B2@0B8<><C @8B<C <0@H0 8 E>;>4=>-1;5ABOI5<C 72CG0=8N D0=D0@, =0?><8=0NI5<C :075==> >@30=87>20==CN <C7K:C ?>A;5B5@<84>@80=A:8E ?@074=5AB2.
!53>4=O =0< 4>AB0B>G=> CA;KH0BL ?>4G5@:=CBK9 42C4>;L=K9 <5B@ A C40@=K< 0:F5=B>< =0 A;01>9 4>;5, <5;>48:C A л45B>=8@CNI59╗ (1;N7>2>9) B5@F859 8;8 B5<1@ A0:A>D>=0, GB>1 2 2>>1@065=88 >68;0 0B<>AD5@0 70?04=>3> <8@0 M?>E8 ?5@2>9 <8@>2>9 2>9=K. л=B828:B>@80=A:0O╗ =0?@02;5==>ABL, 2 7=0G8B5;L=>9 <5@5 >?@545;82H0O AB@>9 <KA;8 л?>B5@O==>3> ?>:>;5=8O╗ 8 H8@>:> >B@0782H0OAO 2 ;8B5@0BC@5 B>3> 2@5<5=8, 2 <C7K:5 A@07C =0H;0 =5?>A@54AB25==>5 2K@065=85 2 GC2AB25==KE, >?LO=ONI8E 8=B>=0F8OE 46070. 0G8=0O A лC:>;L=>3> :5:-C>:0╗, л5=5AB@5;59╗ 8 лGeneral Lavine  Eccentrique╗ 51NAA8 8 2?;>BL 4> л M3B09<0╗ !B@028=A:>3> 8;8 л 0?A>488 2 1;N7>2KE B>=0E╗ 5@H28=0 4607>2K5 >1>@>BK ?@>=8:0;8 2 ?@>872545=8O 1910 1920-E 3>4>2, ?@84020O 8< E0@0:B5@=K9 :>;>@8B A>2@5<5==>AB8.
@54AB028< A515 =0@>G8B> 87;><0==CN <5;>48:C 2 @8B<5 ?@>AB59H53> 1KB>2>3> B0=F0 2 A>G5B0=88 A ?>;8B>=0;L=K<8 30@<>=8G5A:8<8 MDD5:B0<8  8 <K A@07C ?5@5=5A5<AO 2 <8@ M:A?@5AA8>=87<0 A 53> ?5@5?;5B5=85< B>A:8 8 3@>B5A:0, ?@8<8B820 8 =52@0AB5=8G5A:>9 A;>6=>AB8.  2C;L30@=>9 ?>;L:5 87 л>FF5:0╗ 5@30, =083@K205<>9 2 :010:5 =0 @0AAB@>5==>< D>@B5?80=>, 2 72C:0E D0;LH82>9 H0@<0=:8 C;8G=>3> <C7K:0=B0 87 л;0I0╗ CGG8=8 1K;8 =0945=K 8=B>=0F8>==K5 ?@85<K, AB02H85 2>?;>I5=85< >1@070 л<0;5=L:>3> G5;>25:0╗, ?@8=865==>3> 8 70402;5==>3> 65AB>:8< 8 F8=8G=K< <8@><.
-B8 ?@8<5@K 8 A>?>AB02;5=8O, G8A;> :>B>@KE ;53:> C<=>68BL, A2845B5;LAB2CNB > 206=59H59 >A>15==>AB8 <C7K:0;L=>3> O7K:0 [1].

[1] "5@<8= л<C7K:0;L=K9 O7K:╗ C?>B@51;O5BAO 745AL =5 2 B>< A<KA;5, :>B>@K9 2>H5; 2 >18E>4 ?@8 0=0;875 <C7K:0;L=KE ?@>872545=89. >4 MB8< ?>=OB85< <K 8<55< 2 284C A>2>:C?=>ABL EC4>65AB25==KE ?@85<>2, A>AB02;ONI8E =5?>2B>@8<CN A?5F8D8:C <C7K:8 (2 ?@>B82>25A, =0?@8<5@, O7K:C 682>?8A8 8;8 O7K:C B50B@0).
<AB@. 11>

! >4=>9 AB>@>=K, >= 70<:=CB, A0<>AB>OB5;5=, 8<<0=5=B5=. 5A:>;L:> ;0:>=8G=KE <C7K:0;L=KE 72CG0=89 A?>A>1=K (:0: <K 2845;8 2KH5) A >3@><=>9 A8;>9 2>7459AB2>20BL =0 EC4>65AB25==>5 2>>1@065=85, 2>71C48BL GC2AB20, E0@0:B5@87CNI85 4CE>2=CN =0AB@>5==>ABL F5;>3> ?>:>;5=8O.  <C7K:5 5ABL A2>O E0@0:B5@=0O A8AB5<0 >1@07>2, A2>9 :@C3 EC4>65AB25==KE B5<, A2>8 =5?>2B>@8<K5, <3=>25==> 8 =5>B@078<> 459AB2CNI85 2K@078B5;L=K5 A@54AB20. 8:0:85 4>?>;=8B5;L=K5 2=5H=85 M;5<5=BK =5 <>3CB, :070;>AL 1K, >1>30B8BL 8A:CAAB2>, 4>AB83H55 B0:>9 2KA>:>9 AB5?5=8 70:>=G5==>AB8.
 A0<>< 45;5, =C6405BAO ;8, =0?@8<5@, A;CH0B5;L 2 4>2>;L=> =082=>< (5A;8 2>>1I5 =5 A;CG09=><) 70<5G0=88 5BE>25=0 > B5<5 OB>9 A8<D>=88 (лB0: !C4L10 ABCG8BAO 2 425@L╗), GB>1K ?>AB8GL 4@0<0B8G5A:89 =0:0; MB>3> ?@>872545=8O? 5>1E>48<> ;8 =0< 7=0BL, GB> 2B>@0O G0ABL 53> л5@>8G5A:>9 A8<D>=88╗ =>A8B ?0 7=0=85 л>E>@>==K9 <0@H╗? 0725 157 =0720=8O <K ?> 1K;8 1K A?>A>1=K >ICB8BL B@038G5A:CN A8;C MB>9 35=80;L=>9 <C7K:8? (0<5B8< :AB0B8, GB> >=0 ?@54AB02;O5B A>1>9 =5 AB>;L:> <0@H, A:>;L:> D8;>A>DA:>5 @07<KH;5=85 =0 B5<C > A<5@B8.) 51NAA8 A2O70; A2>9 л>A;5?>;C45==K9 >B4KE D02=0╗ A >?@545;5==K< ?@>872545=85< 0;;0@<5. > ;N48, =5 8<5NI85 ?@54AB02;5=8O > ?>MB8G5A:>< AB8;5 0;;0@<5, B5< =5 <5=55 A ?>GB8 >AO705<>9 @5;L5D=>ABLN 2>A?@8=8<0NB GC2AB25==>-A>75@F0B5;L=CN 0B<>AD5@C >@:5AB@>2>9 ?@5;N488 51NAA8  0B<>AD5@C @>A:>H=>9, O7KG5A:>9 =538 8 87KA:0==>9 :@0A>BK. >A?@88<G82K5 A;CH0B5;8, 4065 B5, :B> =5 G8B0; (5:A?8@0, 1K20NB =587<5==> ?>B@OA5=K :0: B@038G5A:>9 AB@0AB=>ABLN 8 >ICI5=85< @>:>2>9 >1@5G5==>AB8 л ><5> 8 6C;L5BBK╗ '09:>2A:>3>, B0: 8 ;CG570@=>-D55@8G5A:8< :>;>@8B>< л!=0 2 ;5B=NN =>GL╗ 5=45;LA>=0. !>H;5<AO, =0:>=5F, =0 B0:>9 10=0;L=K9 ?@8<5@, :0: л>B2;5G5==0O╗ 2K@078B5;L=>ABL G8AB> 8=AB@C<5=B0;L=KE ?@>872545=89. !8<D>=88 g-moll >F0@B0, !54L<0O 5BE>25=0, (5AB0O '09:>2A:>3>, '5B25@B0O @0<A0. OB0O (>AB0:>28G0 >1;040NB =5 <5=LH59 =5?>A@54AB25==>9 A8;>9 2>7459AB28O, G5< A>G8=5=8O MB8E 65 :><?>78B>@>2, 8<5NI85 >1JO2;5==CN ?@>3@0<<C. @30==K5 B>::0BK 0E0 =5 CABC?0NB 53> л0?@8GG8> =0 >BJ574 ;N18<>3> 1@0B0╗, 0 л5>:>=G5==0O A8<D>=8O╗ (C15@B0  53> 65 @><0=A0<. >@>G5 3>2>@O, @0725 2A5 B>, GB> A?>A>1=0 2K@078BL <C7K:0, =5 <>65B 1KBL ?5@5-
<AB@. 12>
40=> ?@8 ?><>I8 >4=8E 8=B>=0F8>==KE 8 D>@<>>1@07CNI8E ?@85<>2, ?>A@54AB2>< A?5F8D8G5A:>3>, =5 ?>440NI53>AO, л;8B5@0BC@=><C ?5@52>4C╗ <C7K:0;L=>3> O7K:0?
! 4@C3>9 AB>@>=K, <C7K:0 =587<5==> BO3>B55B : ;8B5@0BC@5. 564C MB8<8 42C<O A>25@H5==> A0<>AB>OB5;L=K<8 AD5@0<8 EC4>65AB25==>3> B2>@G5AB20 G0AB> лA;KH0BAO╗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
"0:, A>=5BK 5B@0@:8 8 0=B5 24>E=>2;O;8 8A:CAAB2> ars nova. 0==OO >?5@0 2>7=8:;0 8 A;>68;0AL =0 ?>G25 3C<0=8AB8G5A:>9 4@0<K 8 ?>M788 5=5AA0=A0. ;0AA8G5A:0O B@03548O 8 :><548O dell arte 2 >3@><=>9 AB5?5=8 >?@545;8;8 MAB5B8:C >?5@=>3> B50B@0 :;0AA8F87<0. 57 ;8@8G5A:>9 ?>M788 =5 1K;> 1K 2>7<>6=> =5 B>;L:> :0<5@=>-2>:0;L=>5, => 8 >?5@=>5 8 A8<D>=8G5A:>5 B2>@G5AB2> @><0=B8:>2.  @0728B88 =>2KE =0F8>=0;L=>-45<>:@0B8G5A:8E <C7K:0;L=KE H:>; XIX 25:0 ?5@2>AB5?5==0O @>;L ?@8=04;568B ?@>872545=8O< =0F8>=0;L=>9 ;8B5@0BC@K. C7K:0;L=K9 8<?@5AA8>=87< =5@07@K2=> A2O70= A A8<2>;8ABA:>9 ?>M7859 8 4@0<>9. 5@2K5 M:A?@5AA8>=8ABA:85 ?@>872545=8O 2 <C7K:5 2>7=8:;8 =0 >A=>25 45:045=BA:>9 ;8B5@0BC@K л:>=F0 25:0╗.
 B5< =5 <5=55 @57:>5 >B;8G85 <C7K:0;L=KE ?@>872545=89 >B 8E ;8B5@0BC@=KE ?@>B>B8?>2 >G5284=>. => ?@>O2;O5BAO 8 2> 2@5<5==>< A<5I5=88, 8 2 A0<>< A>45@60=88, 8 2 H8@>:> ?>=8<05<>< EC4>65AB25==>< AB8;5.
0?@8<5@, A:>;L:>-=81C4L C1548B5;L=>5 2>?;>I5=85 AB8;O @5=5AA0=A=A9 ?>M788 2 <C7K:5 ?@>8AE>48B =5 2 B2>@G5AB25 :><?>78B>@>2 ars nova, 0 ;8HL 425AB8 ;5B A?CABO 2 <04@830;0E XVI 25:0. 1@07K :><5488 dell arte, A;>682H85AO 2 4@0<0BC@388 5=5AA0=A0, 2 <C7K:5 =0G8=0NB ?>;=>F5==CN 687=L ;8HL 2 M?>EC @>A25I5=8O.
<AB@. 13>
081>;LH8< ?@81;865=85< : MAB5B8:5 :;0AA8F8ABA:>9 B@035488 2 <C7K:5 <>6=> AG8B0BL >?5@C ;N:0, 70?>7402HCN ?> A@02=5=8N A> A2>8< ;8B5@0BC@=K< 8AB>G=8:>< =0 F5;>5 AB>;5B85. 0:>=5F, >@0B>@80;L=>5 B2>@G5AB2> 5=45;O 2 1>;LH>9 <5@5 >?8@05BAO =0 ?>MB8G5A:89 AB8;L 8;LB>=0, ?5@5682H89 A2>9 @0AF25B 70 ?>;B>@0 25:0 4> B>3>.
5 <5=55 @078B5;L=K 8 >B;8G8O 2 A0<>< A>45@60=88 8 >1I5< EC4>65AB25==>< AB@>5 A2O70==KE <564C A>1>9 ;8B5@0BC@=KE 8 <C7K:0;L=KE ?@>872545=89. A;8 1K, =0?@8<5@, 8459=K9 A<KA; л$0=B0AB8G5A:>9 A8<D>=88╗ 8AG5@?K20;AO ;N1>2=>9 8AB>@859, 87;>65==>9 2 02B>@A:>< AF5=0@88, B> C =55 =5 1K;> 1K =8:0:8E H0=A>2 ?5@568BL A2>5 45AOB8;5B85. A;8 1K A>45@60=85 3;N:>2A:>3> л@D5O╗ A2>48;>AL ;8HL : B@048F8>==><C <8DC >1 @D55 8 -2@848:5, B> =52>7<>6=> 1K;> 1K ?>=OBL =>20B>@A:>5 7=0G5=85 MB>9 >?5@K. л-2@848:0╗ 5@8 8 л@D59 8 -2@848:0╗ ;N:0 >B;8G0NBAO 4@C3 >B 4@C30 =5 ?@>AB> @07=>9 B@0:B>2:>9 ;535=4K 8 =5 B>;L:> @07=K<8 AB048O<8 @0728B8O <C7K:0;L=>3> O7K:0. -B8 ?@>872545=8O 3>2>@OB > @07=KE O2;5=8OE, >B@060NB EC4>65AB25==CN ?A8E>;>38N @07=KE M?>E 8 ?@8 MB>< >?8@0NBAO =0 >48= 8 B>B 65 ;8B5@0BC@=K9 8AB>G=8:.
">645AB25==K ;8 A>45@60=85 8 >1@07=K9 AB@>9 л$0CAB0╗ C QB5 8 C=>? <5;0 1K >?5@0 5@H28=0 л>@38 8 5AA╗ AB>;L H8@>:>5 @0A?@>AB@0=5=85 8 CAB>9G82CN ?>?C;O@=>ABL, 5A;8 1K 55 <C7K:0;L=>5 A>45@60=85 A>2?040;> A ?@>28=F80;L=>-0<5@8:0=A:8<, <5;>4@0<0B8G5A:8< AN65B>< ?L5AK %5920@40 л>@38╗? л>9F5:╗ NE=5@0 8 л>FF5:╗ 5@30 >B45;5=K 4@C3 >B 4@C30 =5 B>;L:> AB>;5B=8< ?5@8>4><  <564C =8<8 MAB5B8G5A:0O ?@>?0ABL: @52>;NF8>==>-3@0640=A:89 ?>4B5:AB ?L5AK ?>;=>ABLN @0AB2>@O5BAO 8 8AG5705B 2 15A?@>A25B=>< <@0:5 <C7K:8 >?5@K. 0:>=5F :0: >B;8G05BAO 35@>8=O >?5@K л0B5@8=0 7<09;>20╗ (>AB0:>28G0 >B A2>53> ;8B5@0BC@=>3> ?@>>1@070 2 ?>25AB8 5A:>20 л548 0:15B F5=A:>3> C5740╗!
081>;LH59 1;87>ABLN >B<5G5=K <C7K:0;L=K5 8 ;8B5@0BC@=K5 ?@>872545=8O @><0=B87<0. > 4065 M?>E0, >1=>282H0O <C7K:C ?@O<K<8 A2O7O<8 A A>2@5<5==>9 59 ?>M7859, 405B ?@8<5@K @078B5;L=>3> =5A>>B25BAB28O <564C ;8B5@0BC@=K< ?@>B>B8?>< 8 <C7K:0;L=K< 2>?;>I5=85<. (C<0= :0: =8:B> 4@C3>9 ?5@540; 2 A2>5< B2>@G5AB25
<AB@. 14>

>1@07K ?>MB>2-@><0=B8:>2.  2A5 65 53> л0=D@54╗ >G5=L 40;5: >B 09@>=0, л!B@0=AB2>20=8O 5@8╗  >B C@0...  <=>3> ;8 2 л ><5> 8 6C;L5BB5╗ 5@;8>70 >B (5:A?8@0 8;8 2 53> 65 лAC645=88 $0CAB0╗  >B QB5? "0: 8 10;;04K (>?5=0 <0;> =0?><8=0NB AB8E8 8F:528G0, :>B>@K<8 >=8 24>E=>2;5=K.
708<>>B=>H5=8O ;8B5@0BC@K 8 <C7K:8 2 @0<:0E <C7K:0;L=>3> B2>@G5AB20 A;>6=K, ?@>B82>@5G82K 8 =5 >?@545;ONBAO ?@O<>;8=59=>9 7028A8<>ABLN >B AN65B0 8 >1I53> EC4>65AB25==>3> AB@>O ;8B5@0BC@=>3> ?@>872545=8O.
 G5< 65 ?@8G8=0 AB>;L ?>A;54>20B5;L=>3> BO3>B5=8O <C7K:0;L=>3> B2>@G5AB20 : >1@070< B50B@0 8 ;8B5@0BC@K?
0: =8 @07=>>1@07=0 :0@B8=0 ?@>D5AA8>=0;L=>9 <C7K:8 2@>?K ?>A;54=8E H5AB8-A5<8 25:>2, =0< ?@54AB02;O5BAO, GB> 2 >A=>25 2A5E 55 A;>682H8EAO AB8;59 ;560B >1I85 70:>=><5@=>AB8. =8 ?@>A;56820NBAO A> 2@5<5= A@54=525:>2LO 8 >7@>645=8O 4> =0H59 A>2@5<5==>AB8 [2].
2
C7K:0 >1;0405B ?> ACI5AB2C B>;L:> 42C<O AD5@0<8 2K@078B5;L=>AB8  8=B>=0F8>==>9 8 D>@<>>1@07CNI59, :>B>@K5 =5 A>?@8:0A0NBAO A ?@54<5B=>9 AB>@>=>9 459AB28B5;L=>AB8, =5 BO3>B5NB : 8;;NAB@0B82=>AB8. (2C:>?8AL, 2AB@5G0NI0OAO 2 B>9 8;8 8=>9 AB5?5=8 2 <C7K:0;L=>< B2>@G5AB25 2A5E M?>E,  2=5H=89 ?@85<, 2 A>740=88 <C7K:0;L=>3> >1@070 >= 2A5340 83@05B ?>4G8=5==CN @>;L.) <5AB5 A B5< :0640O 87 MB8E 42CE AD5@ ?@5;><;O5B 2 @0<:0E A2>59 AC3C1> A?5F8D8G5A:>9, >B2;5G5==>9 D>@<K 8725AB=K5 AB>@>=K 459AB28B5;L=>AB8.

[2] !?5F80;L=> ?>4G5@:8205<, GB> @5GL 845B =5 > <C7K:5 2>>1I5, 0 > B>< =0?@02;5=88 ?@>D5AA8>=0;L=>3> :><?>78B>@A:>3> B2>@G5AB20, :>B>@>5 ?>@>48;> 52@>?59A:CN <C7K:0;L=CN H:>;C. @>1;5<0, :>B>@0O 745AL 8AA;54C5BAO, =5 >B=>A8BAO =8 : D>;L:;>@C, =8 : @07=>>1@07=K< D>@<0< 1KB>2>9 8 ?>;C1KB>2>9 <C7K:8. 0640O 87 MB8E AD5@ ?>4G8=5=0 A2>8< A>1AB25==K< EC4>65AB25==K< 70:>=0<. >AB>O==K5 2708<>2;8O=8O =5 =0@CH0NB 8E л02B>=><88╗. (>4@>1=55 2>?@>A > A2O7OE D>;L:;>@0 8 :><?>78B>@A:>3> B2>@G5AB20 @0AA<0B@8205BAO 2 ?OB>9 3;025.)
<AB@. 15>
081>;55 GCB:> =0 A<5=C ?A8E>;>388 A;CH0B5;O @5038@C5B 8=B>=0F8>==0O AD5@0 [3]. 5;>48:0, ;04>B>=0;L=K5 8 30@<>=8G5A:85 >B=>H5=8O, @8B<K, B5<1@K =5?@5@K2=> >1=>2;ONBAO ?>4 2>7459AB285< <5=ONI53>AO <8@>>ICI5=8O ;N459. !;CE >4=>3> ?>:>;5=8O 2>;=CNB <C7K:0;L=>-2K@078B5;L=K5 ?@85<K, :>B>@K5 A;CH0B5;O<8 =>2>9 M?>E8 2>A?@8=8<0NBAO :0: CAB0@52H85. "0:, =0?@8<5@, 8450;L=> 7025@H5==0O, >@=0<5=B8@>20==0O л8=AB@C<5=B0;L=0O╗ <5;>48:0 <>F0@B>2A:>3> AB8;O 1K;0 >B25@3=CB0 A>2@5<5==8:0<8 03=5@0 8 8AB0 :0: O:>1K <0;> 381:0O 8 =52K@078B5;L=0O. 0 ?>@>35 XIX 25:0 ?@>A25I5==0O ?C1;8:0, A>1@02H0OAO ?@>A;CH0BL 5@2CN A8<D>=8N 5BE>25=0, 1K;0 H>:8@>20=0 C65 A0<K< ?5@2K< 55 0::>@4><: 72CG0=85 4><8=0=BA5?B0::>@40 : AC14><8=0=B5 2 =0G0;5 ?@>872545=8O A?@0254;82> 1K;> 2>A?@8=OB> :0: ?5@52>@>B. >2A5 =5B =C64K ?@>A;CH0BL 2AN л5>:>=G5==CN A8<D>=8N╗, GB>1K >ICB8BL =>287=C <C7K:0;L=>3> <KH;5=8O (C15@B0. ?OBL-B0:8 A0<K5 ?5@2K5 55 B0:BK  B5<1@ :>=B@010A>2 8 28>;>=G5;59 =0 pianissimo, B>=0;L=>ABL h-moll, ?@>BO6=0O ;8@8G5A:0O <5;>48O, 8A?>;=O5<0O 3>1>5< 8 :;0@=5B><,  3>2>@OB > @048:0;L=>< >BE>45 >B EC4>65AB25==KE :@8B5@852 ?@54H5AB2CNI53> ?>:>;5=8O. л"@8AB0=>2 0::>@4╗, A :>B>@>3> =0G8=05BAO 2ABC?;5=85 : л"@8AB0=C 8 7>;L45╗ 03=5@0, C65 A0< ?> A515 2>A?@8=8<05BAO :0: A8<2>; ?>74=5@><0=B8G5A:>9 MAB5B8:8 2 <C7K:5.
<5==> >B=>A8B5;L=> 1KAB@0O 87<5=G82>ABL 8=B>=0F8>==>9 AD5@K ?>72>;O5B =0< A@07C @0A?>7=020BL =0 A;CE, 2 :0:>9 8AB>@8G5A:89 ?5@8>4 1K;> A>740=> B> 8;8 4@C3>5 <C7K:0;L=>5 ?@>872545=85. л0E>2A:8<8 8=B>=0F8O<8╗ л@073>20@820;╗ =5 >48= 0E, 0 1>;LH8=AB2> 53> =5?>A@54AB25==KE ?@54H5AB25==8:>2 8 <=>385 A>2@5<5==8:8. л/7K: >F0@B0╗  =0AB>;L:> >1I0O ?@8=04;56=>ABL <C7K:8 2B>@>9 ?>;>28=K XVIII 25:0, GB> ?> >B45;L=K< D@03<5=B0< ?@>872545=89 B>9 M?>E8 ;53:> ?@8=OBL 70 >F0@B0 :>3>-=81C4L 87 <5=55 7=0G8B5;L=KE :><?>78B>@>2 !B0<8F0, >30==0 @8AB80=0 0E0, >AA5:0, '8<0@>7C. л03=5@>2A:85 8=B>=0F88╗ E0@0:B5@=K 4;O <=>38E

[3] K ?@8405< MB><C ?>=OB8N @0AH8@5==>5 B>;:>20=85, ?>=8<0O ?>4 8=B>=0F8>==>9 AD5@>9 2AN A>2>:C?=>ABL M;5<5=B>2, >1@07CNI8E A>1AB25==> <C7K:0;L=>5 72CG0=85.
<AB@. 16>
70?04=>52@>?59A:8E A8<D>=8AB>2 :>=F0 ?@>H;>3> 25:0.  =5 AB>;L:> 2 708<AB2>20=8OE 8 ?>4@060=8OE ;568B ?@8G8=0 ?>4>1=>9 >1I=>AB8, A:>;L:> 2 B><, GB> EC4>6=8:8 >4=>3> ?>:>;5=8O 8 AE>4=>3> <8@>>ICI5=8O <KA;OB 1;87:8<8 л@5G52K<8╗ >1>@>B0<8 [4]. ><?>78B>@ 1>;LH>3> B0;0=B0 C;02;8205B 8 ?@5;><;O5B 3>A?>4AB2CNI85 8=B>=0F88 M?>E8 5A;8 =5 @0=LH5, B>, 2> 2AO:>< A;CG05, O@G5, G5< 53> <5=55 >40@5==K5 A>2@5<5==8:8. @><5 B>3>, 8=48284C0;L=0O A0<>1KB=>ABL 25;8:>3> :><?>78B>@0 ?@>O2;O5BAO, :0: ?@028;>, B0:65 2 8725AB=KE >B:;>=5=8OE >B =>@<K, 2 л?>3@5H=>ABOE╗ ?@>B82 B8?8G=>3>. 4=0:> 8=B>=0F8>==K9 AB@>9 M?>E8  O2;5=85 2?>;=5 >1J5:B82=>5, >?@545;5==>5 8, :0: <K C2848< 2 40;L=59H5<, ?@8 2A59 A2>59 381:>AB8 8 87<5=G82>AB8, D>@<8@C5BAO ?CB5< 4;8B5;L=>3> >B1>@0.
!D5@0 D>@<>>1@07>20=8O [5] <5=55 ?>40B;820, <5=55 =5?>A@54AB25==> @5038@C5B =0 л<8:@>25O=8O╗ M?>E8, G5< AD5@0 8=B>=0F8>==0O.  A>740=88 EC4>65AB25==>3> >1@070, 2 4>AB865=88 53> M<>F8>=0;L=>3> 2>7459AB28O @>;L D>@<>>1@07CNI8E M;5<5=B>2 >3@><=0. 0=5@0 87;>65=8O <0B5@80;0, 53> AB@C:BC@=>5 >D>@<;5=85, ?>@O4>: @0A?>;>65=8O 8 A>?>AB02;5=8O, ?@85<K @0728B8O 2> 2@5<5=8  >B MB8E 8 4@C38E ?>4>1=KE ?@8=F8?>2 7028AOB B0:85 M;5<5=BK <C7K:0;L=>9 >1@07=>AB8, :0: MDD5:BK 48=0<8:8 8;8 AB0B8G=>AB8, 4@0<0B87<0 8;8 A>75@F0=8O, F5;5CAB@5<;5==>AB8 8;8 @0A?;K2G0B>AB8, >1J5:B82=>AB8 8;8 ?A8E>;>38G5A:>9

[4]  @0<:0E >4=>3> ?>:>;5=8O <>65B A>ACI5AB2>20BL =5A:>;L:> E0@0:B5@=KE л3@C?? 8=B>=0F89╗. "0:, =0?@8<5@, 0E 8 !:0@;0BB8, :>B>@K5 B2>@8;8 2 >4=> 2@5<O, >G5=L >B;8G0NBAO 4@C3 >B 4@C30 ?> <C7K:0;L=><C O7K:C. I5 1>;55 @078B5;L=> =5 A>2?040NB A@54AB20 2K@065=8O 0E<0=8=>20 8 (Q=15@30, 1K2H8E A>2@5<5==8:0<8. л0@<5=╗ 875 8 л!C<5@:8 1>3>2╗ 03=5@0  л@>25A=8:8╗ 2 1C:20;L=>< A<KA;5 A;>20, => :@C3 8=B>=0F89 MB8E ?@>872545=89 A>25@H5==> =5 @>4AB25= <564C A>1>9. @8G8=K ?>4>1=>3> @0AE>645=8O <>3CB 70:;NG0BLAO 8 2 >A>1KE =0F8>=0;L=KE B@048F8OE, 8 2 B><, 83@05B ;8 40==K9 :><?>78B>@ @>;L 7025@H8B5;O 8725AB=>9 <C7K:0;L=>-8AB>@8G5A:>9 ;8=88 (=0?@8<5@, 0E 8;8 0E<0=8=>2) 8;8, =0>1>@>B, 55 70G8=0B5;O ((Q=15@3, 03=5@). 4=0:> =5B =8:0:>3> A><=5=8O 2 B><, GB> 8=B>=0F88 8 0E0 8 !:0@;0BB8 <>6=> >B=5AB8 B>;L:> : ?5@2>9 ?>;>28=5 XVIII 25:0, 0E<0=8=>20 8 (Q=15@30  : =0G0;C =0H53> AB>;5B8O, 875 8 03=5@0  :> 2B>@>9 ?>;>28=5 ?@>H;>3>.
[5] >4 AD5@>9 D>@<>>1@07>20=8O 8<55BAO 2 284C @0A?>;>65=85 8=B>=0F8>==>3> <0B5@80;0 2> 2@5<5=8, B> 5ABL ?@8=F8?K :><?>78F88, AB@C:BC@K, 2@5<5==KE A>>B=>H5=89 8 B. 4.

<AB@. 17>
C3;C1;5==>AB8. =0G5 3>2>@O, 5A;8 2 8=B>=0F8>==>9 AD5@5 70:;NG5=0 A5<0=B8:0 <C7K:8, B> 2 D>@<>>1@07CNI59  55 4@0<0BC@38O. 07C<55BAO, <564C =8<8 2A5340 5ABL 480;5:B8G5A:0O A2O7L. "@C4=>, A:065<, ?@54AB028BL A515 60=@>2>-B0=F520;L=CN B5<C :0: >A=>2C D8;>A>DA:>-A>75@F0B5;L=>9 л?@5;N489=>9╗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л?@>7>?>4>1=K5╗ AB@C:BC@K. =>385 A>2@5<5==K5 :><?>78B>@K :@0A>B5 3CAB>3>, л@>A:>H=>3>╗ 30@<>=8G5A:>3> ?8AL<0, ;N1>2=> :C;LB828@>202H53>AO @><0=B8:0<8, ?@54?>G8B0NB A:C?CN ;8=50@=>ABL.
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
<AB@. 18>
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