"Hume, David - Letter to a friend in Edinburgh [PG]" - читать интересную книгу автора (Hume David) point of Pleasure; and this is the Origin of my Philosophy."
Agreeable to this summary View, he tells us, p. 123. "Let us fix our Attention out of ourselves as much as possible. -- We really never advance a Step beyond ourselves; nor can conceive any Kind of Existence, but these Perceptions which have appeared in that narrow Compass: This is the Universe of the Imagination, nor have we any Idea but what is there produced." Accordingly, "An Opinion or Belief may be most accurately defined, A lively Idea related or associated with a present Impression; and is more properly an Act of the sensitive than of the cognitive Part of our Natures." And, "Belief in general consists in nothing but the Vivacity of an Idea. Again, the Idea of Existence is the very same with the Idea of what we conceive to be existent. -- Any Idea we please to form is the Idea of a Being; and the Idea of a Being is any Idea we please to form. And as to the {8} Notion of an external Existence, Perceptions, we have shown its absurdity: And what we call a Mind is nothing but a Heap or Collection of different Perceptions united together by certain Relations, and supposed, tho' falsly, to be endowed with a perfect Simplicity." And, "The only Existence, of which we are certain, are Perceptions. When I enter most intimately into what I call myself, I always stumble on some particular Perception or other. -- I never can catch myself at any Time without a Perception, and never can observe any Thing but the Perception. -- If any one think he has a different Notion of himself, I must confess I can reason no longer with him. -- I may venture to affirm of the rest of Mankind, that they are nothing but a Bundle of Perceptions, which succeed each other with an inconceivable Rapidity, and are in a perpetual Flux and Movement." -- And lest the Reader should forget to apply all this to the Supreme Mind, and the Existence of the First Cause, he has a long Disquisition concerning Causes and Effects, the Sum of which amounts to this, That all our Reasoning concerning Causes and Effects are derived from nothing but Custom: That {9} |
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