"Hume, David - Letter to a friend in Edinburgh [PG]" - читать интересную книгу автора (Hume David) Perceptions, but can never observe it between Perceptions and
Objects." 'Tis impossible therefore, that, from the Existence or any of the Qualities of the former, we can ever form any Conclusion concerning the Existence of the latter, or ever satisfy our Reason in this Particular with regard to the Existence of a Supreme Being. 'Tis well known that this Principle, Whatever begins to exist must have a Cause of Existence, is the first Step in the Argument for the Being of a Supreme Cause; and that, without it, 'tis impossible to go one Step further in that Argument. Now this Maxim he is at great Pains from p.141. to explode, and to show, "That it is neither intuitively nor demonstratively certain;" and he says, "Reason can never satisfy us that the Existence of any Object does ever imply that of another. So that, when we pass from the Impression of one to the Idea and Belief of another, we are not determined by Reason, but by Custom." In a marginal Note on the preceeding Page he says, "In that Proposition, God is, or indeed any other which regards Existence, the Idea of Existence is no distinct Idea {12} which we unite with that of the Object, and which is capable of forming a compound Idea by the Union." Concerning this Principle, That the Deity is the prime Mover of the Universe, who first created Matter, and gave its original Impulse, and likewise supports its Existence, and successively bestows on it its Motions; he says, "This Opinion is certainly very curious, but it will appear superfluous to examine it in this Place. --For, if the very Idea be derived from an Impression, the Idea of a Deity proceeds from the same Origin; and, if no Impression implies any Force or Efficacy, 'tis equally impossible to discover, or even imagine, any such active Principle in the Deity. --Since Philosophers therefore have concluded, that Matter cannot be endowed with any efficacious Principle, because it is impossible to discover in it such a Principle; the same Course of Reasoning should determine them to exclude it from the Supreme Being: Or if they esteem that Opinion absurd and impious, as it really is, I shall tell them how they may avoid it, and that is, by concluding from the very first, that they have no adequate Idea of Power of Efficacy in any Object; since neither in Body nor Spirit, neither in Superior nor {13} Inferior Natures, are they able to discover one single Instance of it." And says he, "We have no Idea of a Being endowed with any Power, much less of one endowed with any infinite Power." |
|
|