"Matthew Probert - The Mechanics of Human Conversation" - читать интересную книгу автора (Probert Matthew)

Key to Fig 2:

PS Perceived stimuli
STM Short-term memory
FR Formulated Response
ROK Response okay analysis process
LTM Long-term memory



Consider a typical scenario containing two imaginary participants; Fred and
John. Both are English men in their mid-twenties, and have been interacting on
a mutualy beneficial level - they are friends - for some time. Both relax at a
public house called the Kings Head, where they frequently meet each other
although such meetings are not planned. It will not be unusual then for Fred
to enter the Kings Head pub on a Thursday evening at around 8 pm and to meet
John standing at the bar. Upon observing his friend, Fred will move towards
John and instigate interaction with a greeting, perhaps he will say "Alright
John, how's it going?" This is a common greeting among this type of person in
the South of England. The expected response is something along the lines of
"fine" or "okay". If however, Fred greets John with a new greeting, perhaps
"Hello", John may still perceive only the greeting and respond with the first
response extracted from the closest part of memory that is the normal response
to the expected greeting of "Alright John, how's it going?", so John may
reply, "yeah fine Fred". If John is not currently engaged in any other
concious mental activity he may take the time to consider the received
stimuli, and respond in a more intelligent manner.

Spontaneous conversation makes use of short-term and close recall memory. It
is an effortless and therefore enjoyable process. Examples include:

Greetings - "Hello", "hello". "How are you?", "I'm fine thankyou"

Customer-assistant interactions in shops such as; "Yes sir what would you
like?", "I should like a pound of sprouts please."

Analytic conversation requires effort. It involves searching the long-term
memory and recalling data into the short-term memory. The requirement on a
degree of effort makes this process less generally enjoyable. Although, many
people do enjoy the stimulation and the process of recall. To them it becomes
a challenge. A process of proving their ability and therefore of receiving
gratification and reassurance. A notable example of this is debating where two
individuals may be locked in conversational combat that is as aggressive and
fullfilling as any physical combat.

The active process of searching long-term memory varies between individuals.
Those which are proficient at it are thought of as quick witted and sharp. The
successful ad-liber is an example. Stand-up comedians if they are to be
successful must develope the skill of recalling and developing responses very