"J.R.R. Tolkien - The History of Middle-Earth - 00" - читать интересную книгу автора (Tolkien J.R.R)

The Men of the Vales of Anduin, related to the Edain who settled in Elenna, spread throughout
southern Greenwood and in the vales of the Anduin and Celduin. They established many tribes
and kingdoms, but by the end of the Third Age there were only three major groups left: the
Beornings, the Woodmen, and the Men of Dale (and Esgaroth).

Southern Mirkwood was also used as a base by Sauron, who established a fortress on the hill
Amon Lanc, which had originally been a Silvan Elf city. From this base Sauron was able to
menace Gondor, Lorien, and Northern Mirkwood.


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Parma Endorion


Gondor (Land of Stone)
Gondor was properly the name of a kingdom and not a region, but the heartlands of Gondor lay
along the coasts of Middle-earth and along the southern course of the Anduin, surrounding the
Ered Nimrais (White Mountains).

Gondor, too, included an Elvish land, but it also encompassed the homelands of many other
peoples: Druedain in both Druwaith Iaur (in the west, near the cape of Andrast) and Druadan
Forest (on the eastern side of the Ered Nimrais); Men of the Vales of Ered Nimrais (from whom
came the Dunlendings and Men of Bree in Eriador); fisherfolk; and perhaps some Edainic
peoples.

The Kingdom of Gondor was established at the same time as Arnor by Dunedain of Numenor.
There were already many Dunedain and mixed peoples living in the region.

The Elvish port of Edhellond was eventually absorbed into Gondor though the manner of the
absorption was not described by Tolkien. Edhellond was situated near the mouth of the river
Morthond (Blackroot), which was Gondor's second largest river.

Gondor for a time extended its sway north to the border of Cardolan, east to the Sea of Rhun, and
south into the lands of Harad. It even governed Mordor for many centuries, though the Dunedain
claimed no ownership over Sauron's domain.

Near Harad (Near South)
The Near Harad lay beyond the river Harnen, which marked the southernmost boundary of
Gondor's "core kingdom". The lands have been described as desolate by several commentators
but this interpretation of the white areas of Tolkien's maps is not consistent with the assertion
that many peoples lived there.

Near Harad was in fact a region which contained several kingdoms or tribes, and probably had
its share of rivers, plains, forests, and hills. The lands controlled by the City of the Corsairs in the
Cape of Umbar, a Numenorean haven, probably were part of Near Harad.

Far Harad (Far South)
The Far Harad was, like Near Harad, poorly described by Tolkien in his works. It lay beyond
Umbar and apparently was quite hot.