"Great Learning" - читать интересную книгу автора (Confucius)

is his disguise? This is an instance of the saying -"What truly is
within will be manifested without." Therefore, the superior man must
be watchful over himself when he is alone.
The disciple Tsang said, "What ten eyes behold, what ten hands point
to, is to be regarded with reverence!"
Riches adorn a house, and virtue adorns the person. The mind is
expanded, and the body is at ease. Therefore, the superior man must
make his thoughts sincere.
What is meant by, "The cultivation of the person depends on
rectifying the mind may be thus illustrated:-If a man be under the
influence of passion he will be incorrect in his conduct. He will be
the same, if he is under the influence of terror, or under the
influence of fond regard, or under that of sorrow and distress.
When the mind is not present, we look and do not see; we hear and do
not understand; we eat and do not know the taste of what we eat.
This is what is meant by saying that the cultivation of the person
depends on the rectifying of the mind.
What is meant by "The regulation of one's family depends on the
cultivation of his person is this:-men are partial where they feel
affection and love; partial where they despise and dislike; partial
where they stand in awe and reverence; partial where they feel
sorrow and compassion; partial where they are arrogant and rude.
Thus it is that there are few men in the world who love and at the
same time know the bad qualities of the object of their love, or who
hate and yet know the excellences of the object of their hatred.
Hence it is said, in the common adage,"A man does not know the
wickedness of his son; he does not know the richness of his growing
corn."
This is what is meant by saying that if the person be not
cultivated, a man cannot regulate his family.
What is meant by "In order rightly to govern the state, it is
necessary first to regulate the family," is this:-It is not possible
for one to teach others, while he cannot teach his own family.
Therefore, the ruler, without going beyond his family, completes the
lessons for the state. There is filial piety:-therewith the. sovereign
should be served. There is fraternal submission:-therewith elders
and superiors should be served. There is kindness:-therewith the
multitude should be treated.
In the Announcement to K'ang, it is said, "Act as if you were
watching over an infant." If a mother is really anxious about it,
though she may not hit exactly the wants of her infant, she will not
be far from doing so. There never has been a girl who learned to bring
up a child, that she might afterwards marry.
From the loving example of one family a whole state becomes
loving, and from its courtesies the whole state becomes courteous
while, from the ambition and perverseness of the One man, the whole
state may be led to rebellious disorder;-such is the nature of the
influence. This verifies the saying, "Affairs may be ruined by a
single sentence; a kingdom may be settled by its One man."
Yao and Shun led on the kingdom with benevolence and the people